https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-7933385/Prince-William-Kate-Middleton-honour-victims-Holocaust.htmlPrince William and Kate Middleton honour the six million Jews murdered by the Nazis as they mark the 75th anniversary of Auschwitz-Birkenau liberation on Holocaust Memorial Day in London
Duke and Duchess of Cambridge attended today's ceremony at Westminster to mark the solemn anniversary
Prince William sheltered Kate with an umbrella as she walked into Westminster's Central Hall for the service
The ceremony will remember the victims and survivors of Nazi persecutions as well as subsequent genocides
William read a letter written by a friend of his great-grandmother Princess Alice who helped save a Jewish family
By Rebecca English Royal Correspondent For The Daily Mail and Rory Tingle For Mailonline
Published: 15:32, 27 January 2020 | Updated: 18:29, 27 January 2020
The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge have met Holocaust survivors in London as they marked the 75th anniversary of the liberation of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. Kate and William honoured survivors by attending a commemorative service run by the Holocaust Memorial Day Trust at Central Hall in Westminster today. William read an extract from a letter written by a friend of his great-grandmother Princess Alice famed for saving a Jewish family from the Holocaust about her good deeds. The royal couple also lit candles in memory of those killed during Hitler's reign of terror in Europe, as well as genocides in Cambodia, Rwanda, Bosnia, and Darfur, before meeting survivors. Kate shared a light-hearted exchange with Holocaust survivor Yvonne Bernstein, who was included in her personal portraits of victims of the atrocity, and beamed while shaking hands with another former camp victim Sir Ben Helfgott, who went on to represent Israel in the 1956 Olympics for weightlifting. Boris Johnson also addressed service and said he felt 'a deep sense of shame' that anti-Semitism continues today and vowed to do everything in his power to stamp out the racism. The deeply moving ceremony, which will be broadcast on BBC2 at 7 pm, reflected on one of the darkest periods in human history when 11million victims including six million Jews were gassed, shot and starved in Nazi death camps. The notorious train-track entrance to Auschwitz, through which over a million were taken to their deaths, was stormed by the Red Army on January 27, 1945. Prince William read out the letter from a friend of his great-grandmother's Princess Alice, which said: 'The princess put a small two-room apartment on the third floor at the disposal of Mrs. Cohen and her daughter. It was thanks to the courageous rescue of Princess Alice that the members of the Cohen family were saved. 'The members of the Cohen family left the residence three weeks after liberation, aware that by virtue of the princess's generosity and bravery had spared them from the Nazis.'
Last week Prince Charles, her grandson, visited her tomb on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. Ahead of today's service, Olivia Marks-Woldman, chief executive of the Holocaust Memorial Day Trust, said she was pleased the royal couple had been able to attend the ceremony alongside members of the UK's political, civic and faith leaders. She said: 'At a time when we know identity-based hostility is increasing, it is heartening to see so many people stand together both at the UK ceremony and at more than 10,000 local activities around the country. 'Holocaust Memorial Day is an important opportunity for us all to learn from genocide, for a better future.'
Photographs of survivors taken by the Duchess for an exhibition marking 75 years since the end of the Holocaust were released on Sunday. Kate, who took the pictures at Kensington Palace earlier this month, has described the survivors in her portraits as 'two of the most life-affirming people that I have had the privilege to meet'.
Today's service was also attended by actors including Eastenders' Nina Wadia, Judge John Deed's Martin Shaw and stage star Sir Simon Russell Beale, all of whom are giving readings. Meanwhile, the Duchess of Cornwall joined more than 200 Holocaust survivors who returned to Auschwitz-Birkenau to commemorate the anniversary of its liberation. Camilla was among dignitaries from across the world who attended the service in Poland on Monday afternoon. The ceremony was held in a tent erected around the camp's gatehouse, referred to as the Gate of Death by prisoners. The Duchess led the UK delegation and was joined by concentration camp survivors Renee Salt, 90, and Hannah Lewis, 82. Holocaust Memorial Day has taken place in the UK since 2001, with a UK event and over 10,000 local activities taking place on or around this date each year. Kate's appearance comes after she released a set of moving photographs of Holocaust survivors inspired by the Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer. Four survivors, alongside their children and grandchildren, featured in the moving new photographs. Kate was among those behind the lens for the project and described the survivors in her portraits as 'two of the most life-affirming people that I have had the privilege to meet'.
Each of the portraits depicts the special connection between a survivor and younger generations of their family, who will carry the legacy of their grandparents. One of Kate's two portraits was of 84-year-old Steven Frank, originally from Amsterdam, who survived multiple concentration camps as a child. He was pictured alongside his granddaughters Maggie and Trixie Fleet, aged 15 and 13. Kate's other portrait is of 82-year-old Yvonne Bernstein, originally from Germany, who was a hidden child in France throughout most of the Holocaust. Her father was in Amsterdam on business when Kristallnacht took place in 1938 and was advised to go into hiding, before making it to the UK. She is pictured with her granddaughter Chloe Wright, aged 11. In a photograph by Frederic Aranda, Joan Salter, 79, who fled the Nazis as a young child, appears with her husband Martin and her daughter Shelley. John Hajdu, 82, who survived the Budapest Ghetto, is in a portrait with his four-year-old grandson Zac photographed by Jillian Edelstein. The project aims to inspire people across the UK to consider their own responsibility to remember and share the stories of those who endured persecution at the hands of the Nazis. The portraits will be part of an exhibition that will open later this year, bringing together 75 powerful images of survivors and their family members to mark 75 years since the end of the Holocaust.
'Their stories will stay with me': Kate Middleton photographs Holocaust survivors to mark 75th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz as she draws inspiration from the Dutch artist Vermeer
David Wilkes for the Daily Mail
Both came face to face with evil as children, lost loved ones and now want to ensure the truth is never forgotten. Steven Frank, 84, was among only a handful of children to make it out alive from the last of the many concentration camps he was sent to. By then his father had been gassed to death for speaking out against the Nazis. Yvonne Bernstein, 82, was hidden as a child in France throughout most of the Second World War and her uncle was seized and murdered for shielding her. To mark the 75th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, Mr. Frank and Mrs. Bernstein, who both settled in Britain after the war, have been photographed by the Duchess of Cambridge in moving family portraits for a new exhibition. Kate, who is the patron of the Royal Photographic Society, said 'despite unbelievable trauma at the start of their lives' they were 'two of the most life-affirming people that I have had the privilege to meet'.
She added: 'They look back on their experiences with sadness but also with gratitude that they were some of the lucky few to make it through. Their stories will stay with me forever.'
Kate has always had a passion for photography and she produced her undergraduate thesis on the era of photography, in particular, photographs of children. One of Kate's favourite hobbies is photography and she regularly snaps pictures of her children for the Kensington Palace Instagram account. Kate's official profile on the Monarchy's website includes a list of hobbies which features 'photography and painting', and explains: 'The Duchess's enthusiasm for photography saw her taking photographs as part of her role during her time working within Party Pieces, a family company owned and run by her parents.'
In 2018 Kate opened its Victorian Giants: The Birth of Art Photography exhibition, and penned the foreword to its catalogue, in which she discussed her passion for the medium. The new photographs are reminiscent of the works of Johannes Vermeer, whose 17th-century Dutch paintings Kate enjoyed during a trip to The Hague in 2016. They were released to mark Holocaust Memorial Day today and will be part of an exhibition later this year. German-born Mrs. Bernstein was separated from her parents throughout the war and arrived in Britain in June 1945.
Mr. Frank, who came from Amsterdam, survived near-starvation at Theresienstadt in Nazi-occupied
He has kept his mother's pan from their days in the concentration camps. Kate understands the importance of art and has previously explored the 'birth of art photography in England'. In 2017 she was named an honorary member of the Royal Photographic Society, with its chief executive Dr. Michael Pritchard FRPS commending her 'talent' and 'long-standing interest in photography and its history'. Kate is not thought to have had any professional photography lessons and has developed her skills from her passion. On Monday, both Kate and her husband Prince William will attend an event at Westminster Abbey to commemorate survivors of the Holocaust.
75 years to the day after they were freed from living hell, 200 Auschwitz survivors return to the Nazi death camp to mark the anniversary… and warn of rising anti-Semitism in the world
Survivors of the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp are gathering for today's commemorations marking the 75th anniversary of the Soviet Army's liberation of the camp using the testimony of survivors to warn about the signs of rising anti-Semitism and hatred in the world today. In all, more than 200 survivors of the camp are expected, many of them elderly Jews who have traveled far from homes in Israel, the United States, Australia, Peru, Russia, Slovenia and elsewhere. Many lost parents and grandparents in Auschwitz or other Nazi death camps, but today were being joined in their journey back by children, grandchildren, and even great-grandchildren. Some visited the site, now a memorial museum, on the eve of the anniversary. When asked by reporters for their reflections, they were eager to share their stories, hopeful that their message will spread.
'We would like that the next generation knows what we went through, and it should never happen again,' said 91-year-old David Marks, his voice cracking. He lost 35 members of his immediate and extended family after they all arrived in Auschwitz from their village in Romania. A dictator doesn't come up from one day to the other,' Marks said, saying it happens in 'micro-steps.'
'If we don't watch it, one day you wake up and it's too late,' he added.
Most of the 1.1 million people murdered by the Nazi German forces at the camp were Jewish, but other Poles, Russians, and Roma, or Gypsies, were imprisoned there. Some of the Polish survivors walked with Polish President Andrzej Duda through the camp's gate Monday wearing striped scarves that recalled the prison garb they wore more than 75 years ago. Auschwitz was liberated by the Soviet army on Jan. 27, 1945. World leaders gathered in Jerusalem last week to mark the anniversary in what many saw as a competing observance. Among them were Russian President Vladimir Putin, U.S. Vice President Mike Pence, French President Emmanuel Macron and Britain's Prince Charles. Politics intruded on that event, with Duda boycotting it in protest after Putin claimed that Poland played a role in triggering World War II. Duda had wanted a chance to speak before or after Putin to defend his nation's record in face of those false accusations but was not given a speaking slot in Jerusalem. Among those attending Monday's observances at Auschwitz, which is located in southern Poland, a region under German occupation during the war, were German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelenskiy and Israeli President Reuven Rivlin. Rivlin recalled the strong connection that Israel shares with Poland, which welcomed Jews for centuries. It became home to Europe's largest population of Jews - and later the center of Germany's destruction of that community. 'The glorious history of the Jews in Poland, the prosperity of which the Jewish community has enjoyed throughout history, along with the difficult events that have taken place on this earth, connect the Jewish people and the State of Israel, inextricably, with Poland and the Polish people,' Rivlin said while standing alongside Duda.
London Mayor Sadiq Khan was guided through the camp by museum director Piotr Cywinski and viewed a plaque that includes the name of his city after it recently pledged a contribution of 300,000 pounds ($391,000) for the site's preservation. Organizers of the event in Poland, the Auschwitz-Birkenau state memorial museum and the World Jewish Congress, sought to keep the spotlight on survivors. 'This is about survivors. It's not about politics,' Head of the World Jewish Congress, Ronald Lauder said Sunday, gathering at the death camp with several survivors.
Lauder warned that leaders must do more to fight anti-Semitism, including passing new laws to fight it. On the eve of the commemorations, survivors, many leaning on their children and grandchildren for support, walked through the place where they had been brought in on cattle cars and suffered hunger, illness and near death. They said they were there to remember, to share their histories with others, and to make a gesture of defiance toward those who had sought their destruction. 'We want the next generation to know what we went through and that it should never happen again,' Auschwitz survivor David Marks, 93, said earlier at the former death camp, his voice breaking with emotion.
Thirty-five members of his immediate and extended family of Romanian Jews were killed in Auschwitz, the largest of Nazi Germany's camps that have come to symbolise the six million European Jews who died in the Holocaust. For some, the camp is now the only burial ground for their parents and grandparents, and they will be saying kaddish, the Jewish prayer for the dead. 'I have no graves to go to and I know my parents were murdered here and burned. So this is how I pay homage to them,' said Yvonne Engelman, a 92-year-old who came from Australia, joined by three more generations now scattered around the globe.
She recalled being brought in from a ghetto in Czechoslovakia by cattle car, being stripped of her clothes, shaved and put in a gas chamber. By some miracle, the gas chamber that day did not work, and she went on to survive slave labor and a death march. A 96-year-old survivor, Jeanette Spiegel, was 20 when she was brought to Auschwitz, where she spent nine months. Today she lives in New York City and is fearful of rising anti-Semitic violence in the United States. 'I think they pick on the Jews because we are such a small minority and it is easy to pick on us,' she said, fighting back tears.
'Young people should understand that nothing is for sure, that some terrible things can happen and they have to be very careful. And that, God, forbid, what happened to the Jewish people then should never be repeated.'
'As I trudged the railway tracks of death, I felt my lost grandfather beside me': On the 75th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, ALEX BRUMMER, whose grandparents were gassed at the camp, recalls his own heartbreaking pilgrimage
Alex Brummer for the Daily Mail
As I followed the railway tracks which had carried Jews from every last corner of Europe to this dreadful place, the fragile emotions, held under careful control for so long, came to the surface. I was visiting Auschwitz as part of a British government delegation and had briefly escaped the evening's formalities from which I had felt strangely unmoved and detached. But on my own in the darkness, trudging through the thick snow of that Polish winter, my mind turned to my grandfather Sandor after whom I was named and grandmother Fanya. I never met them. They were gassed and their bodies burned here. At the end of the dimly lit line, there was a platform and a place to light the yahrzeit memorial candle handed to me as I'd left the gathering. In the background, I could hear the echoes of the prayer of remembrance for the six million victims of the Holocaust being recited. All of a sudden the tears began to flow and I was overwhelmed by the place just as I had been on my first pilgrimage more than a decade before. On that occasion, I had a feeling biblical in its intensity that grandfather Sandor was standing at my side, dressed in his long, dark Sabbath coat, his red beard ruffled by the wind; he was emaciated from illness and hunger, but smiling to see me there. I cannot shake off that image of him. Yet I had never met him and have never seen a photograph. In the haste with which he and my grandmother were removed from their home in the foothills of Hungary's Carpathian mountains in June 1944, family snaps were lost. But it was not just Sandor and Fanya who came into my mind on my visits to the death camp. I thought, too, of my uncles, Danny, Ference, and Ignatz, who died in work camps after they were taken from their families at the outbreak of war. And I remembered my two aunts and a cousin. Miraculously, they survived the brutality of those who guarded them in Auschwitz, the excruciating hunger pangs and the penetrating cold which made their bones ache in the bleak mid-European winter beneath the flimsy, rough-cotton, concentration camp garb. And there was another uncle, my father's brother Martin, who emerged from his own odyssey of hell in the camps where he was tortured after his escape attempt was thwarted. The 75th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau, commemorating the moment Russian troops uncovered the horrors that lay within this vast complex in southern Poland, was marked on Thursday at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel's memorial to the Holocaust. Prince Charles was among more than 40 world leaders to attend. Today, Holocaust Memorial Day and the actual anniversary of the liberation will be honoured at Auschwitz itself and in London. But with each passing commemoration, the distance of time reduces the number of those who were witnesses to the atrocities. Members of my own family who were affected have passed on in recent years. My father Michael, who came to Britain as a refugee after the war had broken out, died in 2018. The uncle who survived the camps has also gone. Amazingly, the three other survivors my father's two sisters and niece live on, now in their 90s. Their immense fortitude, the spirit which kept them alive through the worst horrors of the 20th century, remains intact. But for these women, who experienced first-hand the barbarity of the Nazis and their fascist Hungarian collaborators, recent years have not been easy as echoes of the past have returned in the form of anti-Semitism. Here in Britain, this most tolerant of countries, anti-Semitism in the Labour Party dominated headlines during last year's general election campaign. Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis felt the need to caution that the 'very soul of the nation is at stake'. That did not prevent swastikas being daubed on buildings in the London suburb of Hampstead. This is why, on this anniversary, it is more important than ever to remind the world where anti-Semitism can lead because there can be no starker illustration of it than Auschwitz-Birkenau. My grandparents were dairy farmers and life was hard. My grandfather was up before the crack of dawn every day to do the milking. But there were relaxing family moments, too. On Sabbath afternoons, in fine weather, he would gather the children around him under the overhanging pear tree in the garden, reading from The Bible and studying with the older boys. In the evenings, he would be joined on the terrace by friends from the village; they would drink a little schnapps, tell stories and play cards and draughts. His mother, meanwhile, would busy herself in the kitchen preparing her specialties, including rolled cabbage leaves filled with meat, rice, and spices, served with paprika and tomato sauce. My father Michael left home at 14 to become apprenticed to a glassworker in Pressburg now Bratislava in Slovakia. He later trained as a naval officer at a college near Genoa that had been established by Zionists. In 1938, as the grip of Nazi Germany tightened across Europe, my father decided to join his elder brother Philip who was a rabbi near Liverpool. Before he left, he returned to visit his parents in Hungary and was beaten up by fascist thugs when he arrived at the station in his home town close to the Hungarian-Czech border. But he managed to see his family and resolved then to take his younger brother Martin with him. At the crossing into Czechoslovakia, however, Martin was turned back by border guards and my father continued to Britain alone. Six years later, in 1944, Adolf Eichmann, the architect of the Final Solution, issued orders for Hungary's Jews to be rounded up and transported to the death camps. For most of my childhood, the Holocaust was a forbidden subject, only talked about in knowing whispers. But over the years, piece by piece, I have pulled together the story of those family members who entered the gates of Auschwitz. I learned that it was the courage and tenacity of my cousin, Shindy then a teenager who helped to keep my two aunts, Rosie and Sussie, alive amid the inhumanity. It was she who bargained for bread and made the deals that ensured their survival in the camp. My father made his way through a Europe already at war and eventually arrived at London's Victoria station and, by accident, in the ladies' waiting room. There, he was befriended by an 'elegant English lady' who helped him across the city and put him on a train for Liverpool. From that single act of kindness, he developed a lifelong admiration for British tolerance. It was only after the war, in 1947, that my father and his elder brother Philip both by then settled in Brighton received a telegram out of the blue from the Swedish Red Cross. It said that they had three young women by the name of Brummer who claimed to have relatives in Britain. Was this so?
Could they be returned to the family?
Would my father and his brother be willing to pay the passage to the UK?
It was a joyous moment. Nothing had been heard of them in the years since the war ended, and it was assumed that they had perished in the gas chambers like my grandparents. Meanwhile, my father's younger brother Martin had been moved between work camps and death camps. It transpired that, on an attempted escape from one camp, the Nazi guards seized him and tied him down on the railway lines to punish him. They left him there for many hours in the bitter cold and only cut him loose seconds before an approaching locomotive bore down on him. Martin's survival he died five years ago in Israel and those of the three women has always felt like a small victory against the vicious cruelty that cost my grandparents their lives. But still, the shadow cast by the Nazis will always fall blackly upon my family, which is why I felt it so important to go to pay my respects at the place where they fell. I have now been twice to that place of death to bear witness, to heed the words of Nobel Peace Prize-winning author Elie Wiesel: 'Never shall I forget these things, even if I am condemned to live as long as God himself. Never.'
On my first visit in the Nineties, we drove past cultivated fields and white-painted houses with bright orange roofs on the hour-long journey from Krakow airport to Auschwitz. By the time we crossed those infamous railway tracks and saw the most chilling station name in the world, the sky had darkened, with a swirling wind and pelting rain. The horror of what faced us became real, and a dull ache grew in the pit of my stomach. Today, this is not some remote facility; it is surrounded by industrial buildings with shops and petrol stations, their architecture blending into that of Auschwitz 1 the main camp itself. It is a death camp in suburbia. And yet the smell of burning corpses which decades later still permeates the nearby crematoria seems to linger here, too, a horrific reminder of what took place inside the gates with their iron sign that reads 'Arbeit Macht Frei' (Work brings freedom). There is nothing immediately alarming about Auschwitz 1. The reconstructed barracks, surrounded by grass verges and lined with trees, could be mistaken for a housing estate. But at Block 4, there is a quiet, terrible reality. In a stark room, where the smell of chemical preservative takes one by surprise, a human hair is piled up like a mountain. Shaved from Jews before they were led to gas chambers, much of the hair is grey now, turned so by time and poor conservation. Yet still, I searched for a trace of red a family trait as if it could be possible there was a direct link to be found here. We sheltered from the bitter weather next to Block 10. This was a gruesome spot, where Nazi doctor Josef Mengele experimented on women. And my mind flashed back to the hushed tones of my childhood: visiting an aunt in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, her health permanently damaged by her time in the camp, after she had given birth to a tiny baby kept alive only by the skills of modern medicine. The physical scars may have healed but the psychological impact has cascaded down the generations. The survivors in my family live with the past every day. My Aunt Rosie lost her sense of smell because of the stench of the camps. The filth she was forced to live with left her with an obsession over cleanliness. When I last spent time with my Uncle Martin (my father's younger brother), his body began to shudder and he was quickly moved to tears as he remembered his personal torment in a different death camp. And if you set foot in one of these places, even for a few hours, it is easy to understand why survival was truly a life sentence. How could it not be so if you had witnessed monstrosities such as Auschwitz's 'Wall of Death', where thousands of prisoners, having been tried by Gestapo kangaroo courts, were summarily shot and their bodies dragged away on carts to the permanently smoldering funeral pyres. Next to that wall today, barbed wire stands bleakly against the sky. Nearby, one can climb down into the only gas chamber not destroyed by the SS as Russian troops approached. Standing under the grates in the ceiling, through which the Zyklon B gas was released on to naked Jewish bodies, tears flowed again down my face. That faint smell of burning, from the crematorium next door, intensified the overwhelming effect. There are rough wooden barracks as far as the eye can see, punctuated by the chimneys of the Nazi death factory. Inside, the roughly hewn wooden bunks, which each held five or six souls, are intact. Seeing them, I recalled the stories of my aunts huddling together for warmth. Grass now grows around the buildings but at the entrances, where our feet sank into the mud and ashes, one could almost smell the fetid stink of human decay. We walked for a mile or so down the side of the railway track that brought in the cattle trucks of Jews, Romanies and political dissidents from every corner of occupied Europe. Journeys of 1,200 miles or more, without food or water, journeys on which the corpses would eventually outnumber the living. I recalled my cousin describing her departure from Hungary: the Jews begging through the cattle-truck openings for water from the Hungarians who had been their childhood friends and neighbours. Instead, they were offered salt. The tragic roll call of the members of my family who perished my grandparents Sandor and Fanya, my uncles Danny, Ference, and Ignatz must never be erased. And for the children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren of survivors and refugees, who have enjoyed good lives in Britain, it is fitting that the Duchess of Cornwall, with world leaders and other dignitaries, will today share in our grief at Auschwitz, standing shoulder to shoulder with the last survivors in tribute to the millions who were brutalised, starved and slaughtered. They will remember them again and weep for a generation that must never be forgotten.
